Introduction and objective:
Digital eye strain (DES) comprises ocular and visual symptoms linked to prolonged use of digital devices. The aim of the study is to assess screen exposure, preventive visual hygiene behaviours, DES-related symptoms, and factors associated with preventive practices among adults in Poland.

Material and methods:
A cross-sectional CAWI survey was conducted in March 2026 among a nationwide quota sample of adults in Poland. Data were collected using the Computer-Assisted Web Interview (CAWI) technique.

Results:
A total of 1,090 adults participated. More than half reported at least 3 h of daily screen time on a typical working day, while 27.7% used no preventive visual hygiene behaviours. Regular breaks were reported by 31.9% and proper room lighting by 36.1%. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, higher education (aOR: 1.87; 95%CI: 1.38–2.54; p<0.001), occupational activity (aOR: 1.60; 95%CI: 1.16–2.19; p=0.004), wearing spectacles or contact lenses (aOR: 2.11; 95%CI: 1.54–2.88; p<0.001), diagnosed eye conditions (aOR: 2.08; 95%CI: 1.47–2.93; p<0.001), and longer screen exposure (p<0.05), were independently associated with using at least one preventive behaviour. About one-quarter frequently reported burning or irritated eyes (24.9%), tearing (24.6%), blurred vision (25.3%), and difficulty maintaining visual focus (24.1%). DES-related symptoms differed by gender, age, occupational status, vision correction, diagnosed eye conditions, and screen exposure (p<0.05).

Conclusions:
Daily screen exposure and DES-related symptoms were common among adults in Poland, while preventive visual hygiene behaviours were insufficiently implemented. Public health interventions are needed to promote evidence-based visual hygiene and reduce discomfort related to prolonged use of digital devices.