RESEARCH PAPER
Life style and risk of development of dental caries in a population of adolescents
 
More details
Hide details
1
Chair and Department of Developmental Age Dentistry, Medical University, Lublin, Poland
 
2
Department of Dental Prosthetics, Medical University, Lublin, Poland
 
 
Corresponding author
Dorota Krawczyk   

Chair and Department of Developmental Age Dentistry, Medical University, Lublin, Poland
 
 
Ann Agric Environ Med. 2014;21(3):576-580
 
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
Oxygen is an essential element for sustaining the life of aerobes; however, in certain conditions it may be toxic for these organisms. This is due to so-called reactive oxygen species – ROS. Factors which cause the production of free radicals include ionizing radiation, UV radiation, high temperature, and hazardous substances, such as phenols, carbon monoxide, e.g. in smokers, also air pollution and drugs.

Objective:
The objective of the study was analysis of the total antioxidant status (TAS) in stimulated and unstimulated saliva, according to the number of active carious lesions in generally healthy non-smokers aged 15–17.

Material and Methods:
The study covered 113 adolescents aged 15–17 in whom the state of dentition was evaluated using the DMFT (Decayed-Missing-Filled) index, and oral hygiene assessed based on the OHI-S (Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified) index. TAS in saliva was determined by means of a Randox Labolatories Ltd. test kit, by the spectrophotometric method.

Results:
Based on the results of the study, it was found that in the population examined an increase in the number of carious lesions was accompanied by a significant decrease in the TAS, both in stimulated and unstimulated saliva.

Conclusions:
A health-promoting life style, maintenance of basic principles of oral hygiene and care of general health through the elimination of harmful habits decrease the risk of dental caries.

REFERENCES (25)
1.
Bartosz G. Druga twarz tlenu. Wolne rodniki w przyrodzie. PWN, Warszawa, 2003 (in Polish).
 
2.
Kulikowska-Karpińska E, Moniuszko-Jakoniuk J. The antioxidative barrier in the organism. Pol J Environ Stud. 2004; 13(1): 5–13.
 
3.
McCord JM. The evolution of free radicals and oxidative stress. Am J Med. 2000; 108: 652–659.
 
4.
Zabłocka A, Janusz M. The two faces of reactive oxygen species. Postępy Hig. Med. Dośw. 2008; 62: 118–124 (in Polish).
 
5.
Babior BM. Phagocytes and oxidative stress. Am J Med. 2000; 109: 33–44.
 
6.
Kamecka-Białowarczuk EA, Dąbrowska E. Oxidoreduction balance in oral cavity environment. Part 1. eDentico 2008; 2(18): 42–51.
 
7.
Kamecka-Białowarczuk EA, Dąbrowska E. Oxidoreduction balance in oral cavity environment. Part 2. Antioxidative possibilities in oral cavity. eDentico 2009; 2(22): 58–68.
 
8.
Urso ML, Clarkson P.M. Oxidative stress, exercise, and antioxidant supplementation. Toxicolog.2003; 189: 41–54.
 
9.
Hadjinikolaou L, Alexiou C, Cohen AS, Standbridge R, McColl AJ, Richmond W. Early changes in plasma antioxidant and lipid peroxidation levels following coronary artery bypass surgery: a complex response. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2003; 23: 969–975.
 
10.
Horton JW. Free radicals and lipid peroxidation mediated injury in burn trauma: the role of antioxidant therapy. Toxicology 2003; 189: 75–88.
 
11.
Garibaldi S, Valentini S, Aragno I, Pronzano MA, Traverso N, Odetti P. Plasma protein oxidation and antioxidant defence during aging. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2001; 71: 332–338.
 
12.
Lof S, Poulsen HE. Antioxidant intervention studies related to DNA damage, DNA repair and gene expression. Free Radic Res.2000; 33: 67–83.
 
13.
Battino M, Ferreiro MS, Gallardo I, Newman HN, Bullon P. The antioxidant capacity of saliva. J Clin Periodontol. 2002; 29: 189–194.
 
14.
Llena-Puy C. The role of saliva in maintaining oral health and as aid to diagnosis. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2006; 11(5): 449–455.
 
15.
Szydlarska D, Grzesiuk W, Kupstas A, Bar-Andziak E. Saliva as diagnostic material. Forum Medycyny Rodzinnej 2008; 2(6): 454–464.
 
16.
Todorovic T, Dozic I, Pavlica D, Marcovic D, Brajovic G, Ivanovic M, Stevanovic G, Mircovic S, Andjelski B. Use of saliva as a diagnostic fluid in dentistry. Spr Arh Celok Lek. 2005; 133(7–8): 372–378.
 
17.
Sikorska-Jaroszyńska M, Błaszczak J. Saliva and caries – a literature review. Ann UMCS Sect. D 2007; 62(1): 30–34.
 
18.
Nagler RM, Klein I, Zarzhevsky N, Drigues N, Reznick AZ. Characterization of the differentiated antioxidant profile of human saliva. Free. Radical. Biology & Medicine 2002; 32(3): 268-277.
 
19.
Ciężka E, Surdacka A. The role of saliva im the process of oxidative stress – review of literature. Dental Forum 2007; 1(XXXV): 53–57.
 
20.
Pawłowska-Góral K, Kałamarz A, Wardas M, Wardas J. Całkowity potencjał antyoksydacyjny, metody pomiaru, przydatność kliniczna. Diag Lab. 2003; 39: 327–338 (in Polish).
 
21.
Sikorka-Jaroszyńska MHJ, Mielnik-Błaszczak M, Kapeć E, Janusz M. Caries Intensity and total antioxidant status of saliva. Środowiskowe źródła zagrożeń zdrowotnych. Akad Med. 2007; 4: 1364–1368.
 
22.
Tulingolu O, Demirtas S, Tulungolu I. Total antioxidant levels of salina In children related to caries, age, and gender. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2006; 16: 186–191.
 
23.
Uberos J, Alarcón JA, Peñalver MA, Molina-Carballo A, Ruiz M, González E, Castejon J, Muñoz-Hoyos A. Influence of the antioxidant content of saliva on dental caries in an at-risk community. Br Dent J. 2008; 205(2): 5.
 
24.
Moore S, Calder KAC, MillerNJ, Rice-Evans CA. Antioxidant activity of saliva and periodontal disease. Free Radical Research 1994; 21: 417–425.
 
25.
Pięta B, Chmaj-Wierzchowska K, Opala T. Life style and risk of development of breast and ovarian cancer. Ann Agric Environ Med 2012; 19(3): 379–384.
 
eISSN:1898-2263
ISSN:1232-1966
Journals System - logo
Scroll to top