RESEARCH PAPER
Relationship between concentration of air pollutants and frequency of hospitalisations due to respiratory diseases
1
Chair and Department of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology, Medical University, Lublin, Poland
2
Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University, Lublin, Poland
3
Second Department of Radiology, Medical University, Lublin, Poland
Corresponding author
Anna Grzywa-Celińska
Chair and Department of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8, 20-954, Lublin, Poland
Chair and Department of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8, 20-954, Lublin, Poland
Ann Agric Environ Med. 2024;31(1):13-23
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
Biological agents posing occupational risk in agriculture, forestry, food industry and wood industry and diseases caused by these agents (zoonoses, allergic and immunotoxic diseases)Health effects of chemical pollutants in agricultural areas , including occupational and non-occupational effects of agricultural chemicals (pesticides, fertilizers) and effects of industrial disposal (heavy metals, sulphur, etc.) contaminating the atmosphere, soil and water
ABSTRACT
Introduction and objective:
Smog, which contains fine dusts, non-metal oxides, metals and organic compounds can have irritating, allergenic and immunomodulatory effects leading to the development of respiratory diseases and their exacerbations. The aim of the study was to search for a relationship between concentrations of air pollutants and the frequency of hospitalizations due to exacerbation of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or abnormalitis in breathing.
Material and methods:
Hospital admission data was accessed from the hospital digital in-formation system. From the publicly available database of the Chief Inspectorate for Environmental Protection, data concerning the concentrations of pollutants, such as PM2.5 and PM10, sulphur oxide IV (SO2), nitric oxide IV (NO2), carbon monoxide II (CO), benzene and ozone (O3), measured daily with hourly accuracy was used. The results of the average concentrations of air pollutants were compared with the rates of hospitalization in the corresponding time intervals.
Results:
A number of statistically significant correlations were shown indicating the role of increased concentrations of each of the tested contaminants in the frequency of hospitalizations. In particular, strongly positive correlations were shown between the frequency of hospitalizations due to COPD and PM2.5 and PM10, asthma with benzene and NO2, and for respiratory disorders in general with benzene, CO and SO2.
Conclusions:
The results indicate that air pollution can be a significant modifiable risk factor for exacerbations of respiratory diseases and therefore its avoidance plays an important role in primary prevention.
Smog, which contains fine dusts, non-metal oxides, metals and organic compounds can have irritating, allergenic and immunomodulatory effects leading to the development of respiratory diseases and their exacerbations. The aim of the study was to search for a relationship between concentrations of air pollutants and the frequency of hospitalizations due to exacerbation of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or abnormalitis in breathing.
Material and methods:
Hospital admission data was accessed from the hospital digital in-formation system. From the publicly available database of the Chief Inspectorate for Environmental Protection, data concerning the concentrations of pollutants, such as PM2.5 and PM10, sulphur oxide IV (SO2), nitric oxide IV (NO2), carbon monoxide II (CO), benzene and ozone (O3), measured daily with hourly accuracy was used. The results of the average concentrations of air pollutants were compared with the rates of hospitalization in the corresponding time intervals.
Results:
A number of statistically significant correlations were shown indicating the role of increased concentrations of each of the tested contaminants in the frequency of hospitalizations. In particular, strongly positive correlations were shown between the frequency of hospitalizations due to COPD and PM2.5 and PM10, asthma with benzene and NO2, and for respiratory disorders in general with benzene, CO and SO2.
Conclusions:
The results indicate that air pollution can be a significant modifiable risk factor for exacerbations of respiratory diseases and therefore its avoidance plays an important role in primary prevention.
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