RESEARCH PAPER
Comparison of the effectiveness of dipping agents on bacteria causing mastitis in cattle
 
More details
Hide details
1
Department of Microbiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland; Collegium Medicum of L. Rydygier, Bydgoszcz, Poland
 
 
Corresponding author
Krzysztof Skowron   

Department of Microbiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum of L. Rydygier in Bydgoszcz, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
 
 
Ann Agric Environ Med. 2019;26(1):39-45
 
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
Mastitis may result in physical, chemical and microbiological changes in milk and pathological lesions in the glandular tissue. Milk derived from cows with mastitis may become a cause of infections in humansw and animals.

Objectives:
The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of selected dipping agents in the inactivation of several bacteria that may cause mastitis in cattle.

Material and methods:
Three strains of each of the following species: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia marcescens, Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes, isolated from milk, were used in the study. Identification of isolates was carried out using the automatic system VITEK2 Compact. Evaluation of the genetic similarity between the tested strains was made using the RAPD technique. Drug susceptibility of strains was evaluated with the disc diffusion method. Assessment of the effectiveness of iodine, stabilized iodine, povidone iodine and chlorhexidine was performed using fragments of skin from cow teats.

Results:
All the tested strains were genetically different. Most of them were susceptible to the studied antibiotics. Only two strains of L. monocytogenes were resistant to all the studied antibiotics. The percentage rate of reduction in the number of bacteria after using of dipping agents was very high (>90%). The most susceptible to the dipping preparations used were L. monocytogenes (99.6 – 99.9%). Stabilized iodine was the most effective dipping agent for all tested bacteria, causing a reduction rate in the number of bacteria from 99.80% (E. coli) – 99.99% (S. aureus, L. monocytogenes).

Conclusions:
The results obtained may contribute to a reduction in udder infections in cows, especially mastitis, and improve the quality of the milk.

 
REFERENCES (37)
1.
Barlow J. Mastitis therapy and antimicrobial susceptibility: a multispecies review with a focus on antibiotic treatment of mastitis in dairy cattle. J Mammary Gland Biol. 2011; 16(4): 383–407. DOI: 10.1007/s10911-011-9235-z.
 
2.
Kamal RM, Bayoumi MA. Efficacy of premilking and postmilking teat dipping as a control of subclinical mastitis in Egyptian dairy cattle. Int Food Res J. 2015; 22(3):1037–1042.
 
3.
Angulo FJ, LeJeune JT, Rajala-Schultz PJ. Unpasteurized Milk: A Continued Public Health Threat. Clin Infect Dis. 2009; 48(1): 93–100. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/595007.
 
4.
Shaheen M, Tantary HA, Nabi SU. A treatise on bovine mastitis: disease and disease economics, etiological basis, risk factors, impact on human health, therapeutic management, prevention and control strategy. J Adv Dairy Res. 2016; 4: 150. DOI: 10.4172/2329-888X.1000150.
 
5.
Hogan JS, Smith KL, Todhunter DA, Schoenberger PS. Efficacy of a barrier teat dip containing 0.55% chlorhexidine for prevention of bovine mastitis. J Dairy Sci. 1995; 78(11): 2502–2506.
 
6.
Malinowski E, Gajewski Z. Characteristics of cows mastitis caused by human foodborne pathogens. Życie Weterynaryjne. 2009; 84: 290–294 [article in Polish].
 
7.
Zadoks RN, Fitzpatrick JL. Changing trends in mastitis. Ir Vet J. 2009; 62(suppl 4): 59–70. DOI: 10.1186/2046-0481-62-S4-S59.
 
8.
Bengtsson B, Unnerstad HE. Ekman T, Artursson K, Nilsson-Ost M, Waller KP. Antimicrobial susceptibility of udder pathogens from cases of acute clinical mastitis in dairy cows. Vet Microbiol. 2009; 136(1–2): 142–149. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.10.024.
 
9.
Tenhagen BA, Hansen I, Reinecke A, Heuwieser W. Prevalence of pathogensin milk samples of dairy cows with clinical mastitis and in heifers at first parturition. J Dairy Res. 2009; 76(2): 179–187. DOI: 10.1017/S0022029908003786.
 
10.
Malinowski E, Lassa H, Kłossowska A, Smulski S, Markiewicz H, Kaczmarowski M. Etiological agents of dairy cows’ mastitis in western part of Poland. Pol J Vet Sci. 2006; 9(3): 191–194. http://www.vetpol.org.pl/www_o... (access 2017.03.01).
 
11.
Zadoks RN, Middleton JR, McDougall S, Katholm J, Schukken YH. Molecular epidemiology of mastitis pathogens of dairy cattle and comparative relevance to humans. J Mammary Gland Biol. 2011; 16(4): 357–372. DOI: 10.1007/s10911-011-9236-y.
 
12.
Bradley AJ, Green MJ. Adaptation of Escherichia coli to the bovine mammary gland. J Clin Microbiol. 2001; 39(5): 1845–1849. DOI: 10.1128/JCM.39.5.1845-1849.2001.
 
13.
Farrokh C, Jordan K, Auvray F, Glass K, Oppegaard H, Raynaud S, Thevenot D, Condron R, De Reu K, Govaris A, Heggum K, Heyndrickx M, et al. Review of Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and their significance in dairy production. Int J Food Microbiol. 2013; 162(2): 190–212. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2012.08.008.
 
14.
Osman KM, Hassan HM, Orabi A, Abdelhafez ATS. Phenotypic, antimicrobial susceptibility profile and virulence factors of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from buffalo and cow mastitic milk. Pathog Glob Health. 2014; 108(4): 191–199. DOI: 10.1179/2047773214Y.0000000141.
 
15.
Ohnishi M, Sawada T, Hirose K, Sato R, Hayashimoto M, Hata E, et al. Antimicrobial susceptibilities and bacteriological characteristics of bovine Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Serratia marcescens isolates from mastitis. Vet Microbiol. 2011; 154(1–2): 202–207. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.06.023.
 
16.
EFSA, ECDC. The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food-borne outbreaks in 2014. EFSA Journal. 2016, 13, 4329. http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publi... (access: 2016.07.08).
 
17.
Hunt K, Drummond N, Murphy M, Butler F, Buckley J, Jordan K. A case of bovine raw milk contamination with Listeria monocytogenes. Ir Vet J. 2012; 65(1): 13. DOI: 10.1186/2046-0481-65-13.
 
18.
Harvey J, Gilmour A. Characterization of recurrent and sporadic Listeria monocytogenes isolates from raw milk and nondairy foods by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, monocin typing, plasmid profiling, and cadmium and antibiotic resistance determination. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2001; 67(2): 840–847. DOI: 10.1128/AEM.67.2.840-847.2001.
 
19.
Bogucki M, Sawa A, Neja W. Effect of change in organization of milking on yield of cows and milk quality. Roczniki Naukowe Polskiego Towarzystwa Zootechnicznego, 2011; 7: 29–35 [article in Polish]. http://ptz.icm.edu.pl/download... % 252029-35%2520RN.pdf (access 2017.03.01).
 
20.
Galton DM. Effects of an automatic postmilking teat dipping system on new intramammary infections and iodine in milk. J Dairy Sci. 2004; 87(1): 225–231. DOI: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)73161-6.
 
21.
Gooder RA. Review of Mastitis Control Practices. A Senior Project. the Faculty of the Dairy Science Department California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, 2014.
 
22.
Sarkar S. Microbiological considerations: pasteurized milk. International Journal of Dairy Science. 2015; 10(5): 206–218.
 
23.
Singh V, Kaushal S, Tyagi A, Sharma P. Screening of bacteria responsible for the spoilage of milk. J Chem Pharm Res. 2011; 3(4): 348–350.
 
24.
Anderson M, Hinds P, Hurditt S, Miller P, McGrowder D, Alexander-Lindo R. The microbial content of unexpired pasteurized milk from selected supermarkets in a developing country. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. 2011; 1(3): 205–211. DOI: 10.1016/S2221-1691(11)60028-2.
 
25.
Vogel L, Jories G, Tviep S, Koek A, Dijkshoorn L. RAPD typing of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates using standardized reagents. Clin Microbiol Infect. 1999; 5(5): 370–276.
 
26.
Reinoso E, Bettera S, Frigerio C, DiRenzo M, Calzolari A, Bogni, C. RAPD-PCR analysis of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from bovine and human hosts. Microbiol Res. 2004; 159(3): 245–255. DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2004.04.002.
 
27.
Ozeby G, Ertas HB, Kok F. Prevalence of Listeria species in camel sausages from retail markets in Aydin province in Turkey and RAPD analysis of Listeria monocytogenes isolates. Ir Vet J. 2006; 59(6): 342–344. DOI: 10.1186/2046-0481-59-6-342.
 
28.
Erskine R, Cullor J, Schaellibaum M, Yancey B, Zecconi A. National mastitis council research committee report bovine mastitis pathogens and trends in resistance to antibacterial drugs. Subcommittee of the NMC Research Committee. NMC Annual Meeting Proceedings 2004. https://nmconline.org/docs/Res... (access: 2017.03.01).
 
29.
Persson Y, Nyman A, Grönlund-Andersson U. Etiology and antimicrobial susceptibility of udder pathogens from cases of subclinical mastitis in dairy cows in Sweden. Acta Vet Scand. 2011; 53(1): 36. DOI: 10.1186/1751-0147-53-36.
 
30.
Rahimi E, Ameri M, Momtaz H. Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Listeria species isolated from milk and dairy products in Iran. Food Control. 2010; 21(11): 1448–1452. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.food....
 
31.
Jamali H, Radmehr B, Thong KL. Prevalence, characterization, and antimicrobial resistance of Listeria species and Listeria monocytogenes isolates from raw milk in farm bulk tanks. Food Control. 2013; 34(1): 121–125. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.04.023.
 
32.
Pochodyła M. Stop Mastitom! Racjonalna higiena i dezynfekcja wymienia i strzyków w aspekcie profilaktyki mastitis. Weterynaria w Terenie. 2014; 8: 58–62. [article in Polish].
 
33.
National Mastitis Council. Summary of peer-reviewed publications on efficacy of premilking and postmilking teat disinfectants published since 1980. 2014. http://www.nmconline. org/docs/teatbibl.pdf (access 2017.03.01).
 
34.
Boddie RL, Watts JL, Nickerson SC. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of a 0.5% chlorhexidine gluconate teat dip. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1990; 196(6): 890–893.
 
35.
Best M, Kennedy ME, Coates F. Efficacy of a variety of disinfectants against Listeria spp. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1990; 56(2): 377–380.
 
36.
Pelletier JS, Miller D, Liang B, Capriotti JA. A. In vitro efficacy of a povidone-iodine 0.4% and dexamethasone 0.1% suspension against ocular pathogens. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2011; 37(4): 763–766. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2010.11.028.
 
37.
Cabeça TK, Pizzolitto AC, Pizzolitto EL. Activity of disinfectants against foodborne pathogens in suspension and adhered to stainless steel surfaces. Braz J Microbiol. 2012; 43(3): 1112–1119. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S151....
 
eISSN:1898-2263
ISSN:1232-1966
Journals System - logo
Scroll to top