RESEARCH PAPER
Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Physically Fit Young Patients Sans Comorbidities Who Recently Recovered from Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
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1
Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland
2
Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
3
Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
4
The Ohio State University Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Columbus, United States of America
Corresponding author
Agnieszka Pawlak
Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration, Warsaw,
Poland.
Ann Agric Environ Med. 2024;31(3):357-361
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ABSTRACT
Introduction and objective:
Multiple studies showed that patients with a severe course of COVID-19 may develop cardiovascular complications. Assessment of the incidence of myocardial injury in young, physically fit male patients with no comorbidities, and asymptomatic/mild course of the disease who recovered from COVID-19.
Material and methods:
A prospective, single-center, observational cohort study of 75 young (median[IQR] age 22 years) physically fit male patients, without comorbidities and smoking who recently recovered from COVID-19. Results were compared with a control group of age-matched, physically fit men with no comorbidities who tested negative for SARS-CoV-2.
Results:
19(25%) patients had possible COVID-19 related myocardial injury[PCRMI] on cardiovascular magnetic resonance [CMR] including definitive myocarditis (n=1;1.3%) and possible myocarditis (n=3;4%). Other abnormalities: mildly decreased (<50%) left ventricular(LV) ejection fraction (n=4;5%), increased LV end-diastolic volume index (n=8;11%) and LV mass index (n=9;12%). Patients with PCRMI had higher NT-pro-BNP level (29 vs 20pg/mL respectively, P=0.02) and lower LV ejection fraction (55% vs 59% respectively, P=0.03). PCRMI was demonstrated in 3(27%) volunteers from the control group based on the presence of LGE (2/18%) and decreased LV ejection fraction (1/9%). No volunteer from the control group was diagnosed with definitive or possible myocarditis.
Conclusions:
PCRMI was a frequent finding in young, asymptomatic, physically-fit patients sans comorbidities relatively late after recovery from COVID-19. Whereas no definitive or possible myocarditis was found in the control group, LGE was relatively frequent suggesting that our findings might not be COVID-19 specific. This warrants a need for further investigation into the long-term cardiovascular consequences of COVID-19.
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